At the same time, however, the Gibson Girl phenomenon pivoted on participation in mass consumerism, and a reliable supplement of hair via imports from China. Chinese hair imports were essential to building the age’s signature pompadour hairstyle popularized by the iconic Gibson Girl, an early version of the New Woman linked to fantasies of the white American nation-state and national boundaries. As Sinophobia swept across the country, hundreds of editorials and illustrated news items on “artificial” hair from China circulated nationwide in such publications as the New York Times, San Francisco Call, and Cosmopolitan. ![]() ![]() This article examines Chinese hair imports in the text and imagery of popular American newspapers and magazines in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, overlapping the first federal restrictions on Chinese immigration.
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